Angklung

Angklung is a traditional Indonesian musical instrument originated from Sunda Land, made from bamboo, be pronounced in a way that digoyangkan (noise caused by the impact of bamboo pipes) so that it vibrates to the sound of ringing in the order 2, 3, and 4 in the tone of each size, good large and small. Laras (tone) as a musical instrument Angklung music tradition is the most salendro Sunda and pelog.


Origins

In the family of using music from the known species of bamboo called Angklung and calung. The type of bamboo used as a musical instrument is Awi wulung (black bamboo) and Awi temen (white bamboo). Purwa Angklung shapes of musical instruments and similar calung same; each tone (pitch) generated from the sound of tube-shaped bambunya that wilahan (batangan) each bamboo segment of small to large size.

Angklung is a musical instrument that came from West Java. Angklung gubrag in Jasinga, Bogor, is one that is still alive since more than 400 years past. Appear was from ritus rice. Angklung created and played for the bait down to Dewi Sri Earth so that people grow rice fertile.

Sundanese known by the public since the Sunda kingdom, such as in the spirit in penggugah. Angklung blower function as the spirit of the people still feel to the colonial period, that is why the Dutch had Angklung prohibit the public use, the prohibition was making Angklung popularity decreased and only in the play by children at the time.

Origin of the music of bamboo, such as Angklung calung and community life based on the views of Sunda agrarian life, the source of rice (pare) as a staple food. This is the birth of the mythical beliefs Nyai Sri Pohaci as a symbol of our life Dewi Padi (hirup-hurip).

Contemplation before Sundanese people in agricultural work (tatanen) especially in the field and gave birth to the creation of huma and poetic songs, and as a tribute to the Sri Pohaci Nyai, and efforts nyinglar (decline troops) so that they are not suitable planting invite catastrophe, both interference and pest disaster other nature. Poetic song to honor buhun Nyi Sri Pohaci are for example:

The Oyong-oyong
Sawahe the waru inclined
Sawahe ujuring eler
Sawahe ujuring etan
Solasi pipe Dami
Menyan white pengundang dewa
Deities widadari
Panurunan the patang puluh

Then the songs of the Dewi Sri is accompanied by the sound of train tabuh made of bamboo rod-rod which is packed and the simple structure was born bamboo musical instrument that we know now the Angklung and calung. Development in the next game Angklung tradition also accompanied with the element of movement and ibing (dance), which ritmis (ber-wirahma) with the patterns and rules = rules in accordance with the needs of a particular ritual homage at the time to accompany the rice paddy to the barn (ngampih pare, nginebkeun), also at the time mitembeyan, the planting of rice in some places in West Java called ngaseuk.

Similarly, at the time of harvest festival and games are seren taun Angklung and calung. Especially in the serving of Angklung ceremony associated with rice, has become an art show is a procession or helaran, even in some places a convoy Rengkong and Dongdang and Jampana (stretcher food) and so forth.

In its development, Angklung grown and spread to the entire Java, and to Kalimantan and Sumatra. 1908 recorded on a cultural mission from India to Thailand, among others, by delivering Angklung, and this game is the music of bamboo had spread there.

In fact, since 1966, Mang Udjo leaders Angklung develop a technique based on the game pitch-barrel pelog, salendro, and start-madenda teach how to play Angklung many people from various communities.



Angklung Kanekes

Angklung Kanekes in the region (we often call them the Baduy) is used mainly because the relationship with ritus rice, not merely entertainment for the people. Angklung used or be pronounced when they were planting rice in huma (field). Angklung Menabuh when to plant the rice is free only be pronounced (dikurulungkeun), especially in Kajeroan (Tangtu; Baduy Jero), and there is a certain ritmis, namely in Kaluaran (Foreign Baduy). However, still can be displayed outside ritus rice but still have the rules, for example, may only ditabuh to pare the ngubaran (treat rice), about three months since ditanamnya of rice. After that, during the next six months all the arts should not be played, and can be played again on the next rice planting season. Angklung held close to the event called the Angklung musungkeun, namely nitipkeun (check, store) Angklung after use.

In the course of entertainment, usually held at Angklung bright days and does not rain. They play in Angklung it (the wide rural) while sing various songs, among others: Lutung Kasarung, Yandu Bibi, Yandu Sala, Ceuk Arileu, Oray-orayan, Dengdang, Yari Gandang, Oyong-oyong Bangkong Agency, Kula, Kokoloyoran, Ayun-swaying, Pileuleuyan, infatuated Manggu, Rujak Gadung, Mulung Muncang, Giler, Ngaranggeong, Aceukna, Marengo, Salak Sadapur, Rangda Ngendong, Celementre, Keupat Reundang, Papacangan, and Culadi Dengdang. The Angklung penabuh of eight people and three penabuh bedug small standing position while walking in a circle formation. Meanwhile, the other is ngalage (dance) with a movement that has a certain standard, but simple. Everything is done only by men. This is different from the Daduy In society, they are limited by a variety of customary rules pamali (prohibition; taboo), could not do anything excessive worldly enjoyment. Art made solely for the purpose of the ritual.

The names in the Angklung Kanekes from the biggest is: mother, ringkung, dongdong, gossip, engklok, parent leutik, torolok, and Roel. Roel consisting of 2 units held by a Angklung. The names of the bedug is terpanjang: bedug, talingtit, and percussion. The use of instruments bedug there are differences, namely in the villages Kaluaran their use bedug of 3 units. In Kajeroan; Cikeusik village, just use bedug and talingtit, without percussion. In Kajeroan, Cibeo village, just use bedug, without talingtit and percussion.

In the Kanekes Angklung is entitled to make people Kajeroan (Tangtu; Baduy Jero). Kajeroan consists of 3 villages, namely Cibeo, Cikartawana, and Cikeusik. In the third village is not all people can make, the only offspring and to have the following in addition to the terms of the ritual. Creator Angklung Cikeusik in a famous father is Amir (59), and in Cikartawana father Tarnah. Kaluaran people buy from people in the three Kajeroan village.

Angklung Dogdog Lojor

Art dogdog lojor there are people in Kasepuhan Pancer Pangawinan or customs union Banten Kidul spread around Mount Halimun (borders Sukabumi, Bogor and Lebak). Although this is called art dogdog lojor, the name of one of the instruments in it, but there is also used as Angklung connection with the events of rice rituals. Once a year, after the harvest, the whole community event or Taun The Seren Taun customary in the center of the village. Center as the traditional village dwelling kokolot (elders) place always moved according to the supernatural.

Honor the tradition of rice to the community is still carried out because they include people who still adhere to old customs. The tradition of their own as the offspring of officials and soldiers in the palace Pajajaran baresan Pangawinan (soldiers armed with a lance). Kasepuhan community has adopted Islam and the influence will be quite open modernization, and the things worldly enjoyment of entertainment can dinikmatinya. This attitude is also in the function of art around since the 1970s, dogdog lojor has experienced growth, which is used to enliven khitanan children, marriage, and other events kemeriahan. Instruments used in the arts dogdog lojor is 2 fruit dogdog lojor and 4 Angklung large fruit. The four pieces Angklung has a name, called the biggest howl, and then panembal, kingking, and inclok. Each instrument is played by one, so that all of six people.

Songs of them dogdog lojor Bale Agung, Hideung Side, shaky-shaky Papanganten, Si Tunggul Kawung, Adulilang, and Adu-complaint. Songs with this form of vocal ritmis dogdog Angklung and tend to remain.

Angklung Badeng

Badeng is a type of art that emphasizes the aspect of the musical Angklung music as the main tool. Badeng found in the village near, Malangbong District, Garut. Previously functioning as entertainment for the benefit of the Islamic propaganda. But the alleged badeng people have been used since long before the period of Islam for the events related to the rice-planting ritual. As for the art of propaganda badeng be developed since Islam spread in the area around the century-16 or 17. At that time the population sanding, Arpaen and Nursaen, to study Islam Demak kingdom. After they returned from Demak berdakwah spread Islam. One of the spread of Islam is the use of the arts badeng.

Angklung used as many as nine pieces of Angklung Roel 2, 1 Angklung kecer, 4 Angklung Angklung mother and father, Angklung 2 children; 2 fruit dogdog, 2 fruit fly or gembyung, and 1 kecrek. Sundanese language text using a language mixed with Arabic. In its development is now also used the language of Indonesia. Content includes text Islamic values and good advice, advice, according to the purposes and events. In addition to presenting pertunjukannya songs, also presented kesaktian attractions, such as body segment with sharp weapons.

Songs badeng: Lailahaileloh, Ya'ti, Kasreng, Yautike, Lilimbungan, Solaloh.